Casting with integral spray jets



.14. war

INVENTORJ AT T oR'NEYs.,

15, 1942' J. WQJAGERSBERGER ETAL CASTING WITH INTEGRAL SPRAY JETS Filed Au 28, 1941 Patenied Dec. 15, 1942 UNITED STATES PATIENT OFFICE OASTIN G WITH INTEGRAL SPRAY JETS 7 Joseph W. J agersberger and Richard D. Miller,

' Racine, Wis.

Application August 28, 1941 Serial No. 408,572

'8 Claims. l. 123-173) bustion engines of the valve-in-the-head type wherein it is desirable that the cooling liquid for the engine be sprayed onto walls surrounding of adjacent the exhaust valve seats. The present design of valve-in-the-head engines is such that there is a water jacket in the engine head, which head also contains the exhaust valves and exhaust valve seats, but without the employment of special means insufficient cooling liquid will reach the walls in which the exhaust valve seats are formed, whereby said parts will become unduly heated to the detriment of the moving parts and efiicient operation of the engine.

In the past there has been attempted a rather make-shift arrangement for overcoming this difficulty and for spraying cooling liquid on the exhaust valve seat containing walls of a valve-inthe-head engine. According to said arrangement the engine head was cast in the usual manner and of the usual metal. Openings were drilled through the bottom of the head adjacent the combustion chamber and exhaust valve seats, providing ducts between the main cylinder block water jacket and the lower portion of the water jacket of the head. Into these drilled openings or ducts were inserted, so as to have force fits, tubular jets or spray members having apertured upper ends arranged to spray cooling liquid on the desired Wall surfaces of the engine head adjacent the exhaust valve seats, said jets or spray member being formed of copper, steel, or some suitable metal different from that of the engine head casting.

With respect to the prior arrangement just noted, objections are found in the fact that the forming and insertion of separate spray jets or nozzles requires additional operations and is relatively expensive. Also, by virtue of the fact that the metals of the head and spray jets are different, said respective members have a difierent c0elii cient of expansion and loosening of the spray jets is possible. Additionally, because of the different metals the spray jets may be adversely affected by anti-freeze solutions used in the cooling liquid in winter. It should further be noted that during the present national emergency metals such as copper, brass, steel, etc. are unattainable for;

normal, non-defense purposes and this presents a problem which renders the prior arrangement objectionable.

It is, therefore, a primary object of the present difficulties by providing a valve-in-the-head internal combustion engine with integrally cast valve seat spray jets, whereby the jets are of the same metal as the engine head, extra operations 1 and assembly steps in the manufacture are eliminated, and the spray jets can not become loosened or be otherwise alfected.

A further object of the invention is to provide a casting with an integral spray jet positioned and constructed so as to eifectively direct a spray or stream of cooling liquid on portions of the casting which would otherwise tend to become overheated during usage.

' A further object of the invention is to provide a casting with an integral spray jet whichis very simple and inexpensive in construction, which eliminates the use of metals difiicult to obtain, and which is eflicient and automatic in operation.

A furtherobject of the invention is to provide integral spray jets in an internal combustion engine head wherein bosses with mutilated or irregular outer ends are cast integral with the head and are drilled to provide ducts through the bosses and offset discharge orifices in the irregular outer 25: ends of the same. 1

With the above and other objects in View the invention consists of the improved casting with integral spray jets, and its various parts, and combinations, as set forth in the claims, and all equivalents thereof.

In the accompanying drawing in which the same reference characters indicate the same parts in all of the views:

Fig. 1 is a transverse fragmentary vertical sectional view through the cylinder block and head ;;of a valve-in-the-head internal combustion engine, showing the present improvements;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View taken on the irregular line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

'ic line 33 of Fig. 1;

9 ;of the invention and prior to the drilling operation;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail sectional view similar to Fig. 4. only showing the completion of the drilling operation relative to the integrally invention to overcome the above objections and 55 cast boss; and

sages I3 for the circulation of a cooling medium or fluid about the cylinders.

The top of the cylinder blocl; [9 is closed and covered by a cylinder head I4 which is bolted onto the upper surface of the cylinder block Ill. Within the cylinder block over each cylinder I l is a combustion chamber Hi from which the escape of exhaust gases is controlled by a valve l5 carried by the lower end of a slidable valve stem l1. eh valve. 6 is de t d be mo to o n l d se Qit 9 l e ati o an annular valve ea 18 in an interior wall or partition of the head l4. i hin t en ne ead I he e a o lower t r acke s or assa e a s. o the lation therethrough of a cooling medium. From Fig. 1 it will be observed that the walls surrounding the valve seat is are relatively thick and are not in the direct path of cooling medium circulating in the jacket or passageways l9. In actual practice, without the provision of special means, an internal combustion engine of the type under consideration, the walls surrounding the valve seats l8 become excessively heated and may become scored or otherwise damaged. Hence, a specific object of the present invention is to provide effective integral means for insuring the introduction of a cooling medium directly onto thev wall surfaces surrounding the exhaust valves l8 so as to keep said surfaces and the valve seats efiiciently cooled.

On opposite sides of; a valve seat the cylinder head H. is cast with integral bosses 20, which bosses extend upwardly from the lower wall of the head i into portions of the jaclget 19. The bosses are cast at the time of casting the head l4 and are accomplished during the molding operation by means of; a jacket core box, the bosses being of the same metal as that of the head proper, which is customarily iron.

From Fig. 2 itwill be observed that each boss is positioned so as to serve a pair of exhaust valve seats for adjacent cylinders. The upper end of each boss is cast in a stepped or mutilated condition as indicated-at 2|, with said stepped portions facing the convergence of the adjacent cylinders which it is to serve.

Following the casting operation the bosses are drilled, as will be described more fully hereinafter, to provide longitudinal ducts 22 therethrough terminating in angular discharge orifices 23 at the mutilated or stepped ends. Each drilled opening through a boss thereby affords direct communication between an upper outlet opening 2 1 in the cylinder block between the jacket i3 and the internal cooling fluid passage it in the cylinder head l4.

In the operation of an internal combustion engineprovided with the present improvements, the engine operates in the usual way and a cooling medium or fluid is circulated through the passageway or water jacket 13 of the cylinder block. This fluid is forced upwardly through h led p in s. e bo ses. o nter jets and discharges in the form or sprays or streams from the orificed angled upper discharge ends of the same. These discharge ends are positioned in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2 so that wall portions surrounding the exhaust valve seats l8 are effectively constantly sprayed with the cooling medium, which is directed in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

From the description thus far it will be apparent that the spray jets 20 are integral with the cylinder head l4 and are formed of the same material as the cylinder head. Hence, during usage, said members can never become loosened and also will not be injuriously affected by any anti-ireeze solution in the cooling medium.

As was previously mentioned, the bosses 26 are formed during the casting of the cylinder head and are cast in solid form in the shape illustrated with stepped ormutilated upper side portions. To render the same tubular and to provide the discharge orifices, each boss, originally h eon l lon shownin F is operated n by a drill having a conical end, in F a 5, th dr ll Wor s iron; he bottom: 01- the o s pward y a. e n l path. and; the dr lls perati n s te m .tecl before the r penetee he up er xtr m t oi. oose but after h drill ha brok n, through or p n rated the te ped or m tilated upp r s de p rtion of: the b s This, therefore; p o id s the singularly d pos d is harge orifice at. h o r end of a ss. t s mostly cl ar y shown in g. 5. ile. the ormati n o a duet throu h a boss is hown as be n accomp ished with a drill, it is ob iou h it be arried out through e use oi. an ui able. to l- A Slight modifi ati n llustrated in Fi 6 wherein a boss .0; apor i n of the astin i r na y ast w th a nc ined or tapered pp r ide face 2!. n ead h spe fic stepped s e ace. F s- 4 nd 5, hi bess, is comp ed. in. a im lar anner by the us of a dri l wi h aeonieal nev with the. d il in p rat n m na in alter he r ll rea s th o g h ine ide c 21; but efore. t e dril r aohes t e. e treme u per nd. o h boss.- 9..-

n eot on, is articular a plicable. to t n s Qt. ny type... especial y engin wher s desirehle o i ect; a pray o eamer a o in f d ont ome articular ternalporno e a t n which ouldtherwise tend to eat p exee siv l t T e-impro ed: eastingswith te ral pray t are imple nd c mmercially re lee and; we l; dapted o h purpose orth.

W at; e aime la t e in ention is;

A me aleestlna ormed t a r p ern l hamber. end. ast ay n zle. of he. same me t e e t n forme at 0 1 1 1 4 ntesral y t a ll p rt on} o seiclceee nsr and: r ect n n id. e eembee the r i otine e lrtienoi the n zzl e ew molt lated e d: hav ng an ne ar y d r cted discharg ri ce he ein.

Ame ellie.e odertl etlh ring internal alls rm eaawet r e ne -zeoi dwal shevine n, pening: er o r udese elve seat n a spra noz le ierteedet oe n itesml y-w th a e lzi ortn t, eter led r eed: ndo ei etins ntethe; a er iaelte eslie nt a d; l e eat. he. r iee ns: enflzperfion e oz e r; tiller ontour anslv av i an ants.- .ddieeheree rifi e hemlatodis: arge. e.- o ln me iu d a aid a ve seat.

31A... lyeer hemeedn erna o bust on engine. comprising a; cast metal cylinder block As is hown.

asoam zle forming a communication between the lower.

and upper water jackets.

4. A valve-in-the-head internal combustion engine, comprising a cast metal cylinder block enclosing cylinders surrounded by a water jacket, a cast metal cylinder head mounted on the cylinder block and having internal'walls'forming an upper water jacket, certain wall portions above the cylinders being formed with pairs of adjacent valve seats, valves movable relative to said seats, and metal spray nozzles formed at their lower ends integrally with lower wall portions of said cylinder head and projecting into the upper water jacket, each nozzle being substantially equidistant between the valve seats of an adjacent pair and having an angular upper discharge orifice to spray water adjacent both of said seats, each nozzle forming a communication between the lower and upper water jackets.

5.A metal casting formed with an internal chamber, and a spray nozzle formed at one end integrally with a wall portion of said casting and projecting into said chamber, the projecting end portion of the nozzle being stepped, there being a bore in said nozzle terminating in a conical recess in the projecting end of the nozzle and opening through the stepped end portion thereof to provide an angularly directed discharge orifice.

6. Airietal casting formed with an internal chamber, and a spray nozzle formedat one end integrally with a wall portion of said casting and projecting into said chamber, the projecting end portion" of the nozzle having an upper side face portion thereof tapered, there being a bore in said nozzle terminating in a conical recess in the projecting end of the nozzle and opening through said tapered face portion to provide an angularly directed discharge orifice.

7. A metal casting formed with an internal chamber, and a spray nozzle formed at one end integrally with a wall portion of said casting and projecting into said chamber, the projecting end" portion of the nozzle having an angular side wall, there being a bore in said nozzle termimating in a recess in the projecting end of the nozzle and opening through said side wall of the nozzle to provide a discharge orifice, the plane of a portion of said opening being at an angle to the axis of the nozzle bore and the entire opening being laterally of the plane of the axis of said bore.

8. A metalcasting formed with, an internal chamber, and a spray nozzle of the same metal as the casting formed at one end integrally with a wallportion of said casting and projecting into said chamber, the projecting end portion of the nozzle being of irregular contour, there being a bore in said nozzle and there being a discharge orifice in a portion of the projecting end of the nozzle on one side of the plane of the axis of the nozzle bore and with which said bore communicates, the projecting end of the spray nozzle on the other side of the plane of the axis of the bore being closed to partially cap the end of the nozzle bore.

JOSEPH W. JAGERSBERGER. RICHARD D. MILLER. 

